How could this happen..?

Corporate “Government” Trust

Let’s consider for a minute the scenario of a Corporate Government Trust, in which the “government” plays the role of Executor. Would a “government” acting as Executor take questions from it’s Trustee? Would the “Government” create a legal entity to which you act as Trustee? Perhaps upon the registration of your birth? Do governments address you … or a LEGAL ENTITY? More importantly, does the silence of government on these questions provide the “fullest possible information” that President Kennedy spoke about??

What can we do about this..?

The first action appears to be to determine the capacity in which “Government” acts. Who are they actually serving..? This question is critical. But I don’t expect this information to be any more forthcoming of government than the answer of their legitimacy. So in the meantime, there are other things we can do in our interactions with Corporate Government.

• Some offer to accept the role of Trustee to their Corporate Government on the condition that they be paid an annual fee to be the Trustee… say $1,000,000 p.a.
• Others provide terms and conditions to their Corporate Government, which set out fees and charges applicable for acts of the pretence to real government.

Either of these two approaches would collapse if those claiming government status were able to demonstrate their legitimacy. But these actions have been shown to stop Corporate Government agencies in their tracks. Does this sound like the actions of a Trustee of the people? Or an Executor and Beneficiary of a corrupted system?

More importantly, how many challenges to the lawful validity of government have been met with the proof demanded by its people?

So what the FUQ do we do next?

• In dealings with any government representative, ask them ONE SIMPLE QUESTION: Can you please demonstrate that today’s government (the one you represent) is the same one as established at the inception of this country? It is the onus of any person or entity claiming government status to prove they act on behalf of legitimate government. Until they can demonstrate this, don’t deal with them.
• Sign the petition to ask Her Majesty, The Queen for the truth about the “Australian Government”; something all levels of the “Australian Government” have been unwilling or unable to provide.
• Share this article. The Corporate Government phenomenon is not limited just to the United States, the UK, or Australia. Increasingly, Governments around the world are behaving as Executors and Beneficiaries, not as Trustees of their people. We all have a right to know… which “Government” can we trust? 

Read Part 1: Corporations Masquerading as Government in Australia? Worldwide?

About the Author:

Scott spent 12 years working aboard luxury mega yachts for some of the richest and fussiest people on the planet. His travels took him throughout the Mediterranean, Caribbean with voyages through the Indian and Pacific Oceans and islands. Encountering Customs and Immigration formalities was commonplace as Captain.  More recently Scott has worked in mining relying on his degree in project management.

With a keen eye for detail Scott has observed inconsistencies in “Government” and contributes this article from his findings.

Visit Scott’s website for more information 

“You have made a claim on me, and I am happy to comply with your demand… however I would like to ascertain that I am dealing with the right people. Please demonstrate to me that you represent true government as constituted at the creation of this country.”

“I would be happy to comply with your demand… however in UCC Law there is a filing that remains unrebutted which foreclosed upon the entity you claim to represent. You are now operating on your own personal liability. Please cease your claim on me. If you decide to pursue this claim again, any future interactions between us will be under the following conditions…”

BANKS & “GOVERNMENTS”  FORECLOSED WORLDWIDE
The One People’s Public Trust (OPPT) announced the foreclosure of the world’s banks and “governments” on December 25th 2012 stemming from prior investigation into massive fraud across the entire system:  http://i-uv.com/oppt-absolute/oppt-initial-investigation/
What happened?  The OPPT posed to the world’s Banks and Governments:  1. that they had by deceptive acts and practices been stealing from the people for hundreds of years, and;  2. nothing stood between the Creator and each of the Creator’s creations,  and gave due opportunity to rebut both statements. They could not and did not. To understand this fully please read the Declaration of Facts at  > UCC Filings > 2012 ptII > Declaration of Facts. Here are two excerpts:
Government Charters Cancelled:    (Refer: DECLARATION OF FACTS: UCC Doc # 2012127914 Nov 28 2012) “...That any and all CHARTERS, inclusive of The United States Federal Government, UNITED STATES, “STATE of ...", Inclusive of any and all abbreviations, idem sonans, or other legal, financial or managerial forms, any and all international equivalents, inclusive of any and all OFFICES, inclusive of any and all OFFICERS, PUBLIC SERVANTS, EXECUTIVE ORDERS, TREATIES, CONSTITUTIONS, MEMBERSHIP, ACTS, and any and all other contracts and agreements made thereunder and thereby, are now, void, worthless, or otherwise cancelled, unrebutted; ...”  Bank Charters Cancelled:  (Refer: TRUE BILL: WA DC UCC Doc# 2012114776 Oct 24 2012) “Declared and ordered irrevocably cancelled; any and all charters for Bank of International Settlements (BIS) members thereto and thereof including all beneficiaries, including all certain states of body owning, operating, aiding and abetting private money systems, issuing, collection, legal enforcement systems, operating SLAVERY SYSTEMS …commandeering lawful value by unlawful representation...”  Orders to Cease and Desist:  Attention is drawn to DECLARATION AND ORDER: UCC Doc # 2012096074, Sept. 09 2012, duly reconfirmed and ratified by COMMERCIAL BILL UCC Doc. No. 2012114586 and TRUE BILL UCC Doc. No.2012 114776 which states:  Volunteers within the military ... “to arrest and take into custody any and all certain states of body, their agents, officers, and other actors, regardless of domicil by choice, owning, operating, aiding and abetting private money systems, issuing, collection, legal enforcement systems, operating SLAVERY SYSTEMS against the several states citizens, ...”, and “Repossess all private money systems, tracking, transferring, issuing, collection, legal enforcement systems operating SLAVERY SYSTEMS...” “...all beings of the creator shall forthwith assist all Public Servants identified herein, to implement, protect, preserve and complete this ORDER by all means of the creator and created as stated herein, by, with, and under your full personal liability...”  Search document numbers listed at the Washington DC UCC Registry: https://gov.propertyinfo.com/DC-Washington/  What does this mean to you?  Are you paying a “debt” to a foreclosed entity..? e.g. mortgage, credit card, car loan?  OPPT has foreclosed on hierarchy. No one stands between you and your creator... not even “Government”.  Because a CEASE AND DESIST order exists, you are free to offer terms and conditions to individuals acting on behalf of a foreclosed Bank or “Government”, by issuing a Courtesy Notice.  What does this mean to Banks & “Governments”?  All beings now act in the capacity of individual entities without a corporate safety net and with full personal liability for each and EVERY ACTION THEY TAKE under common law, protected and preserved by public policy UCC 1-103, and Universal law, the governing law laid out in the OPPT UCC filings. (Refer: WA DC UCC Ref Doc # 2012113593)  Should any individual pursue any actions on behalf of a foreclosed Bank or “Government”, causing another individual any damage as herein described, they in their individual and unlimited capacity are absolutely liable. Such actions may result in the receipt of a Courtesy Notice. Courtesy Notice
 The Courtesy Notice contains the information of this flyer and offers terms and conditions for future dealings.  Whereas Banks and “Governments” have been foreclosed worldwide... Acts, Statutes, Codes, Courts, Executive Orders etc were thereby foreclosed, thus without a lawfully binding contract - individual to individual, no instrument exists to compel performance.  The Courtesy Notice offers new terms to any individual of a foreclosed entity for their acceptance and the method of acceptance is clearly defined.  Individuals are now downloading and sending Courtesy Notices worldwide; 64,000 were downloaded in the first two days following release in early Feb 2013. See http://www.i-uv.com  What is the UCC - Where and to whom does it apply?  The Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) is the ‘bible’ of commerce and used world wide, but sometimes in disguise. UCC is not taught in law schools; it is used in high level banking and government corporations. Accordingly most lawyers, attorneys and magistrates know nothing about UCC and will argue it has no application.  1. Executive Order 13037 dated 04 Mar 1997 defined humans as capital. See:  http://americankabuki.blogspot.com.au/2013/03/us-citizens-defined-as-property-of.html  2. UCC Doc # 0000000181425776 filed 12 Aug 2011 evidences sale of US citizens in transaction between The Federal Reserve System and The United States Department of the Treasury 1789 for $14.3 trillion. (Linked above)  3. UCC Doc #2001059388 evidences the template the Federal Reserve Bank of New York uses to secure the collateral in major banks around the world... including chattel paper, goods and the unborn young of animals. See http://www.mediafire.com/view/?3yh79cjnzcwzu0s  Those who would regard the UCC as irrelevant outside the US are thereby claiming former funding arrangements with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York null and void.  Due Diligence  Given the usage of UCC filings in the upper levels of “government” and banks worldwide, due diligence is a necessity.  If there is a dispute, error, or falsity make AND deliver a duly verified sworn DECLARATION OF REBUTTAL to the duly verified, sworn and REGISTERED OPPT DECLARATION OF FACTS, point by point, with specificity and particularity, with full responsibility and liability, under the penalty of perjury under any law you identify, that the forgoing is true and accurate, signed by your wet-ink signature.  To date, no such rebuttal has been registered.
Further Research  Radio shows:  http://i-uv.com/media/radio-shows/
All People Declared Free of Debt  (Refer Notice of Declaration of Absolute Truth UCC# 2013032035)  The final filing of the OPPT occurred on March 18, 2013. This document terminated all remaining man-made entities and returned all people of this planet to absolute freedom. In this document the creator is referred to as "absolute essence" and all creations people are referred to as "absolute essence embodied".  Article VI states..."I duly verify, with full responsibility and liability, by DECLARATION OF ORDER, that eternal essence IS made transparent and known by the DO'ing of any and all embodiment of eternal essence in eternal essence's universe, IS free and free of debt, unrebutted."  This means THERE IS NO DEBT.  You have no debt... No one has debt... it is done

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Colorado Statutes
Title 42. VEHICLES AND TRAFFICDRIVERS' LICENSES
Article 2. Drivers' LicensesPart 1. DRIVERS' LICENSES

Current through 2012 First Extraordinary Session

§ 42-2-102. Persons exempt from license

(1)	The following persons need not obtain a Colorado driver's license:

(a)	Any person who operates a federally owned military motor vehicle while serving in the armed forces of the United States;

(b)	Any person who temporarily drives or operates any road machine, farm tractor, or other implement of husbandry on a highway;

(c)

Any nonresident who is at least sixteen years of age and who has in his or her immediate possession a valid driver's license issued to such nonresident by his or her state or country of residence. A nonresident who is at least sixteen years of age and whose state or country of residence does not require the licensing of drivers may operate a motor vehicle as a driver for not more than ninety days in any calendar year, if said nonresident is the owner of the vehicle driven and if the motor vehicle so operated is duly registered in such nonresident's state or country of residence and such nonresident has in his or her immediate possession a registration card evidencing such ownership and registration in his or her own state or country.

(d)

A nonresident on active duty in the armed forces of the United States if that person has in his or her possession a valid driver's license issued by such nonresident's state of domicile or, if returning from duty outside the United States, has a valid driver's license in his or her possession issued by the armed forces of the United States in foreign countries, but such armed forces license shall be valid only for a period of forty-five days after the licensee has returned to the United States;

(e)	The spouse of a member of the armed forces of the United States who is accompanying such member on military or naval assignment to this state, who has a valid driver's license issued by another state, and whose right to drive has not been suspended or revoked in this state;

(f)

Any nonresident who is temporarily residing in Colorado for the principal purpose of furthering such nonresident's education, is at least sixteen years of age, has a valid driver's license from his or her state of residence, and is considered a nonresident for tuition purposes by the educational institution at which such nonresident is furthering his or her education.

(2)	Any person who has in his or her possession a valid driver's license issued by such person's previous state of residence shall be exempt, for thirty days after becoming a resident of the state of Colorado, from obtaining a license, as provided in section 42-2-101 .

Cite as C.R.S § 42-2-102

History. L. 94: Entire title amended with relocations, p. 2115, § 1, effective January 1, 1995.

Case Notes:

ANNOTATION

Effect of subsection (1)(d) under §42-2-107(1). Section 42-2-107(1) only requires that the licensee be accompanied at the hearing by the person who signed the application of the minor, unless that person submits a verified statement. However, where licensees have never been required to apply for licenses in the state of Colorado, by virtue of subsection (1)(d), and since no person was required to sign their applications, no one is required to attend the hearing other than the licensees themselves. Lopez v. Motor Vehicle Div., 189 Colo. 133, 538 P.2d 446 (1975).

Applied in Colo. Dept. of Rev. v. Smith, 640 P.2d 1143 (Colo. 1982).

Islam Moors, Make Them Negotiable. MUMS WORD

American Law Sources On-line

United States Federal Courts
The U.S. federal courts comprise:
the Supreme Court,
courts of appeals,
district courts,
bankruptcy courts, and
special courts.
For a general overview, see “Understanding the Federal Courts” published by the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts.
The Supreme Court sits in Washington, D.C., and has nine justices, one of whom is the Chief Justice of the United States. The Supreme Court has appellate jurisdiction in cases involving issues of federal law, whether the cases arise in state courts or federal courts. It also has original jurisdiction in a limited class of cases, such as lawsuits between the states.
There are 13 federal courts of appeals serving geographic areas called judicial circuits. The Federal Circuit covers the entire country; however, the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit is a special court of limited jurisdiction. One circuit comprises only the District of Columbia, and each of the remaining 11 circuits comprises three or more states (and territories). See a table below. These courts have appellate jurisdiction over all final judgments (and some interlocutory orders and rulings) of the U.S. district courts and have original jurisdiction to review and enforce orders of various federal administrative agencies.
Every Supreme Court justice serves ex officio, under assignment by the Chief Justice, as the designated circuit justice for one of the circuits. Some justices serve for two circuits, since there are only nine justices and more than nine circuits.
There are 94 federal district courts, which are the federal trial courts of general jurisdiction. Each district court serves a geographic area called a judicial district. More than half of the states as well as the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and three territories have a single judicial district each (covering the entire geographic area of the state, district, commonwealth, or territory). The other states comprise two or more judicial districts each. See a table below. The district courts have original jurisdiction in civil cases arising under federal law, criminal cases under federal law, admiralty and maritime cases, and cases between citizens of different states (called “diversity jurisdiction”). Judgments of a district court can be reviewed in the court of appeals for the circuit that includes the district.
Each district also has a bankruptcy court. Judgments and orders of a bankruptcy court can be reviewed in the district court; or with the parties’ consent, a case could be assigned to a bankruptcy appellate panel comprising some of the judges of the court. Further review can be had in the circuit court of appeals.
Finally, there are special courts. See a table below. Some of these courts are trial courts having original but limited jurisdiction (the Tax Court, the Court of Federal Claims, the Court of International Trade). The others are appellate courts of limited jurisdiction.
See also Judgepedia, a Wikipedia-style web site, self-described as “an encyclopedia about judges and courts,” which is maintained by the Sam Adams Alliance (Illinois).
In addition to the courts mentioned above, there are at least two secret federal courts. The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court (sometimes referred to as FISC or the FISA court), with eleven judges, has limited jurisdiction “to hear applications for and grant orders approving electronic surveillance anywhere within the United States under the procedures set forth in” the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 (FISA), Pub. L. No. 95-511 [50 U.S.C. § 1801 et seq.], which authorizes electronic surveillance by government agents for the purpose of obtaining “foreign intelligence” information. (See an interview with the former chief judge of the court, published in June 2002.) A related court of review, composed of three judges, has jurisdiction “to review the denial of any application made under” that act. If that court upholds a denial of an application, the government may petition the Supreme Court for a writ of certiorari. All proceedings at all three judicial levels are secret. See 50 U.S.C. § 1803. (The Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1995, Pub. L. No. 103-359, additionally authorized physical searches; and the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001, Pub. L. No. 107-56, signifcantly amended FISA to expand the government’s intelligence-gathering power. See an overview of the 2001 act by the Congressional Research Service. See also an analysis of the 2001 act by the Electronic Frontier Foundation.)


Top
Federal Judicial Circuits
See 28 U.S.C. § 41 et seq. See also a map of the circuits with links to court web sites.
Circuit (Seat) Included Districts
1st Circuit
(Boston) Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Puerto Rico
2nd Circuit
(New York) Connecticut, New York, Vermont
3rd Circuit
(Philadelphia) Delaware, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virgin Islands
4th Circuit
(Richmond) Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia
5th Circuit 1
(New Orleans) Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas
6th Circuit
(Cincinnati) Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio, Tennessee
7th Circuit
(Chicago) Illinois, Indiana, Wisconsin
8th Circuit
(St. Louis) Arkansas, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota
9th Circuit
(San Francisco) Alaska, Arizona, California, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Washington, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands
10th Circuit
(Denver) Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Utah, Wyoming
11th Circuit 1
(Atlanta) Alabama, Florida, Georgia
D.C. Circuit
(Washington) District of Columbia
Federal Circuit
(Washington) [All districts]
1 Until October 1, 1981, the 5th Circuit included the districts now in the 11th Circuit. See the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals Reorganization Act of 1980 [Pub. L. 96-452 (Oct. 14, 1980)].


Top
U.S. District and Bankruptcy Courts
See 28 U.S.C. § 81 et seq. (district courts) and § 151 et seq. (bankruptcy courts).
Middle District of
Northern District of
Southern District of Alabama [counties] M.D. Ala.
N.D. Ala.
S.D. Ala. Bankr. M.D. Ala.
Bankr. N.D. Ala.
Bankr. S.D. Ala.
District of Alaska D. Alaska Bankr. D. Alaska
District of Arizona D. Ariz. Bankr. D. Ariz.
Eastern District of
Western District of Arkansas [counties] E.D. Ark.
W.D. Ark. Bankr. E.D. Ark.
Bankr. W.D. Ark.
Central District of
Eastern District of
Northern District of
Southern District of California [counties] C.D. Cal.
E.D. Cal.
N.D. Cal.
S.D. Cal. Bankr. C.D. Cal.
Bankr. E.D. Cal.
Bankr. N.D. Cal.
Bankr. S.D. Cal.
District of Colorado D. Colo. Bankr. D. Colo.
District of Connecticut D. Conn. Bankr. D. Conn.
District of Delaware D. Del. Bankr. D. Del.
Middle District of
Northern District of
Southern District of Florida [counties] M.D. Fla.
N.D. Fla.
S.D. Fla. Bankr. M.D. Fla.
Bankr. N.D. Fla.
Bankr. S.D. Fla.
Middle District of
Northern District of
Southern District of Georgia [counties] M.D. Ga.
N.D. Ga.
S.D. Ga. Bankr. M.D. Ga.
Bankr. N.D. Ga.
Bankr. S.D. Ga.
District of Hawaii D. Haw. Bankr. D. Haw.
District of Idaho D. Idaho Bankr. D. Idaho
Central District of
Northern District of
Southern District of Illinois [counties] C.D. Ill.
N.D. Ill.
S.D. Ill. Bankr. C.D. Ill.
Bankr. N.D. Ill.
Bankr. S.D. Ill.
Northern District of
Southern District of Indiana [counties] N.D. Ind.
S.D. Ind. Bankr. N.D. Ind.
Bankr. S.D. Ind.
Northern District of
Southern District of Iowa [counties] N.D. Iowa
S.D. Iowa Bankr. N.D. Iowa
Bankr. S.D. Iowa
District of Kansas D. Kan. Bankr. D. Kan.
Eastern District of
Western District of Kentucky [counties] E.D. Ky.
W.D. Ky. Bankr. E.D. Ky.
Bankr. W.D. Ky.
Eastern District of
Middle District of
Western District of Louisiana [parishes] E.D. La.
M.D. La.
W.D. La. Bankr. E.D. La.
Bankr. M.D. La.
Bankr. W.D. La.
District of Maine D. Me. Bankr. D. Me.
District of Maryland D. Md. Bankr. D. Md.
District of Massachusetts D. Mass. Bankr. D. Mass.
Eastern District of
Western District of Michigan [counties] E.D. Mich.
W.D. Mich. Bankr. E.D. Mich.
Bankr. W.D. Mich.
District of Minnesota D. Minn. Bankr. D. Minn.
Northern District of
Southern District of Mississippi [counties] N.D. Miss.
S.D. Miss. Bankr. N.D. Miss.
Bankr. S.D. Miss.
Eastern District of
Western District of Missouri [counties] E.D. Mo.
W.D. Mo. Bankr. E.D. Mo.
Bankr. W.D. Mo.
District of Montana D. Mont. Bankr. D. Mont.
District of Nebraska D. Neb. Bankr. D. Neb.
District of Nevada D. Nev. Bankr. D. Nev.
District of New Hampshire D.N.H. Bankr. D.N.H.
District of New Jersey D.N.J. Bankr. D.N.J.
District of New Mexico D.N.M. Bankr. D.N.M.
Eastern District of
Northern District of
Southern District of
Western District of New York [counties] E.D.N.Y.
N.D.N.Y.
S.D.N.Y.
W.D.N.Y. Bankr. E.D.N.Y.
Bankr. N.D.N.Y.
Bankr. S.D.N.Y.
Bankr. W.D.N.Y.
Eastern District of
Middle District of
Western District of North Carolina [counties] E.D.N.C.
M.D.N.C.
W.D.N.C. Bankr. E.D.N.C.
Bankr. M.D.N.C.
Bankr. W.D.N.C.
District of North Dakota D.N.D. Bankr. D.N.D.
Northern District of
Southern District of Ohio [counties] N.D. Ohio
S.D. Ohio Bankr. N.D. Ohio
Bankr. S.D. Ohio
Eastern District of
Northern District of
Western District of Oklahoma [counties] E.D. Okla.
N.D. Okla.
W.D. Okla. Bankr. E.D. Okla.
Bankr. N.D. Okla.
Bankr. W.D. Okla.
District of Oregon D. Or. Bankr. D. Or.
Eastern District of
Middle District of
Western District of Pennsylvania [counties] E.D. Pa.
M.D. Pa.
W.D. Pa. Bankr. E.D. Pa.
Bankr. M.D. Pa.
Bankr. W.D. Pa.
District of Rhode Island D.R.I. Bankr. D.R.I.
District of South Carolina D.S.C. Bankr. D.S.C.
District of South Dakota D.S.D. Bankr. D.S.D.
Eastern District of
Middle District of
Western District of Tennessee [counties] E.D. Tenn.
M.D. Tenn.
W.D. Tenn. Bankr. E.D. Tenn.
Bankr. M.D. Tenn.
Bankr. W.D. Tenn.
Eastern District of
Northern District of
Southern District of
Western District of Texas [counties] E.D. Tex.
N.D. Tex.
S.D. Tex.
W.D. Tex. Bankr. E.D. Tex.
Bankr. N.D. Tex.
Bankr. S.D. Tex.
Bankr. W.D. Tex.
District of Utah D. Utah Bankr. D. Utah
District of Vermont D. Vt. Bankr. D. Vt.
Eastern District of
Western District of Virginia [counties] E.D. Va.
W.D. Va. Bankr. E.D. Va.
Bankr. W.D. Va.
Eastern District of
Western District of Washington [counties] E.D. Wash.
W.D. Wash. Bankr. E.D. Wash.
Bankr. W.D. Wash.
Northern District of
Southern District of West Virginia [counties] N.D. W. Va.
S.D. W. Va. Bankr. N.D. W. Va.
Bankr. S.D. W. Va.
Eastern District of
Western District of Wisconsin [counties] E.D. Wis.
W.D. Wis. Bankr. E.D. Wis.
Bankr. W.D. Wis.
District of Wyoming D. Wyo. Bankr. D. Wyo.
District of the District of Columbia D.D.C. Bankr. D.D.C.
District of Guam D. Guam Bankr. D. Guam
District of the Northern Mariana Islands D. N. Mar. I. Bankr. D. N. Mar. I.
District of Puerto Rico D.P.R. Bankr. D.P.R.
District of the Virgin Islands D.V.I. Bankr. D.V.I.


Top
Special Federal Courts
Former Court (Estab.) Present Court (Estab.)
Board of Tax Appeals (1924) Tax Court (1942)
Boards of Review (1920)
Courts of Military Review (1968) Air Force Court of Criminal Appeals (1994)
Army Court of Criminal Appeals (1994)
Coast Guard Court of Criminal Appeals (1994)
Navy-Marine Corps Court of Criminal Appeals (1994)
Court of Claims (1855)
Claims Court (1982) Court of Federal Claims (1992) 1
Commerce Court (1910) [Abolished 1913]
Court of Customs Appeals (1910)
Court of Customs and Patent Appeals (1929) Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (1982)
Court of Military Appeals (1951) Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces (1994)
Court of Veterans Appeals (1988) Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims (1999)
Customs Court (1926) Court of International Trade (1980) 2
Emergency Court of Appeals (1942) [Abolished 1961]
Temporary Emergency Court of Appeals (1971) [Abolished 1993]
1 See 28 U.S.C. § 171 et seq. (Court of Federal Claims).
2 See 28 U.S.C. § 251 et seq. (Court of International Trade).